TOP-10 Mafi kyawun motocin lantarki 2020
Abubuwa
Menene motar lantarki
Motar lantarki abar hawa ce wacce ba ta amfani da injin ƙonewa na ciki, amma na ɗaya ko fiye da wutar lantarki da ake amfani da ita ta batura ko ƙwayoyin mai. Yawancin direbobi suna neman jerin mafi kyawun motocin lantarki a duniya. Ba daidai ba, motar lantarki ta bayyana a gaban takwararta ta mai. Motar lantarki ta farko, wacce aka kirkira a shekarar 1841, ta kasance keken ne mai dauke da injin lantarki.
Godiya ga tsarin cajin injin wutar lantarki wanda ba a bunkasa ba, motocin mai sun sami nasara a yakin basasa don mamaye kasuwar motocin. Sai a cikin shekarun 1960 ne sha'awar motocin lantarki ta fara bayyana. Dalilin hakan shi ne matsalolin muhalli na ababen hawa da matsalar makamashi, wanda ya haifar da hauhawar hauhawar farashin mai.
Ci gaban masana'antar kera motoci na lantarki
A cikin shekarar 2019, yawan motocin lantarki da aka kera ya karu matuka. Kusan duk wani mai kera motocin da yake mutunta kansa ya yi kokarin ba kawai ya mallaki kera motocin lantarki ba, amma ya fadada layinsu yadda ya kamata. Wannan yanayin, a cewar masana, zai ci gaba a shekarar 2020.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa kusan dukkanin kamfanoni suna ƙoƙarin cim ma Tesla (wanda, ta hanyar, yana ƙaddamar da hanyar mota a wannan shekara) kuma a ƙarshe yana samar da EVs da aka samar da yawa a kowane farashin farashi - samfurori na asali waɗanda aka tsara su da kyau kuma da kyau-gini. A takaice, 2020 za ta kasance shekarar da motocin lantarki za su zama na zamani na gaske.
Daruruwan litattafan lantarki yakamata a siyar dasu a cikin watanni masu zuwa, amma munyi kokarin zaban goma daga cikin masu ban sha'awa: daga kananan sifofin birni daga manya na masana'antar kera motoci zuwa manyan motocin lantarki masu dogon zango daga sabbin mahalarta kasuwa.
Fa'idodin mafi kyawun motocin lantarki
Motar lantarki tana da fa'idodi da ba za a iya musantawa ba: rashin iskar gas da ke cutar da mahalli da ƙwayoyin halittu, ƙananan farashin aiki (tun da wutar lantarki ta fi mai motar rahusa sosai), haɓakar motar lantarki sosai (90-95%, kuma ingancin injin mai shine 22-42% kawai), mai dogaro mai dorewa da karko, saukin ƙira, ƙimar caji daga maɓallin soket na yau da kullun, haɗarin fashewar haɗari a haɗari, santsi mai tsayi.
Amma kar a yi tunanin cewa motocin lantarki ba su da lahani. Daga cikin kurakuran irin wannan mota, ana iya ambaton rashin lafiyar batura - ko dai suna aiki a yanayin zafi mai yawa (fiye da 300 ° C), ko kuma suna da tsada sosai, saboda kasancewar karafa masu tsada a cikinsu.
Bugu da ƙari, irin waɗannan batura suna da saurin fitarwa da kansu kuma sake cajin yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo idan aka kwatanta da cajin mai. Bugu da kari, matsalar ita ce zubar da batura da ke dauke da abubuwa masu guba da sinadarai masu yawa, rashin ingantattun kayan more rayuwa don cajin batura, yiwuwar yin lodi fiye da kima a cikin hanyoyin sadarwar lantarki a lokacin da ake cika caji daga sadarwar gidan, wanda ka iya shafar mummunan tasiri ingancin wutar lantarki.
Jerin Mafi kyawun motocin lantarki 2020
Volkswagen ID.3 - №1 mafi kyawun motocin lantarki
Akwai motocin lantarki da yawa a cikin dangin Volkswagen, amma ID.3 wataƙila ita ce mafi mahimmanci. Zai kasance yana farawa daga $ 30,000 kuma za'a bayar dashi cikin matakan datti uku kuma yayi kama da Golf. Kamar yadda kamfanin ya bayyana, cikin motar yana da girman Passat, kuma bayanan fasaha sune Golf GTI.
Misalin tushe yana da kewayon kilomita 330 akan sake zagayowar WLTP, yayin da babban fasalin zai iya tafiya kilomita 550. Allon ƙaramin inci na inci 10 a ciki yana maye gurbin maɓallan maɓallan da maɓallan, kuma ana iya amfani da su don sarrafa kusan komai banda buɗe tagogi da fitilun gaggawa. Gaba ɗaya, Volkswagen na shirin kera motocin lantarki miliyan 15 nan da shekarar 2028.
Rivian R1T karba - №2 mafi kyawun motocin lantarki
Tare da sakin R1S - SUV mai kujeru bakwai tare da ayyana kewayon fiye da kilomita 600 - Rivian yana shirin sakin mai ɗaukar R1T mai kujeru biyar akan dandamali ɗaya a ƙarshen shekara. Ga duka nau'ikan, ana ba da batura masu ƙarfin 105, 135 da 180 kWh, tare da kewayon 370, 480 da 600 km, bi da bi, da matsakaicin saurin 200 km / h.
Dashboard na cikin mota yana dauke da tabarau mai inci 15.6, nuni na inci 12.3 wanda yake nuna dukkan alamu, da kuma na taba fuska mai inci 6.8 don fasinjojin baya. Gangar wannan karɓa tana da zurfin zurfin mita ɗaya kuma tana da maƙullin yawo-ta hanyar da aka tanada don ɗakunan abubuwa. Motar lantarki tana sanye da tsarin tuka-tuka-kafa wacce ke rarraba ƙarfi tsakanin injunan lantarki huɗu da aka girka a kan kowane ƙafa.
Aston Martin Rapide E - No3
Gabaɗaya irin waɗannan motoci 155 aka tsara za a kera su. Masu mallakar wannan samfurin masu farin ciki zasu karɓi Aston tare da batirin lithium-ion na 65 kWh da injin lantarki guda biyu tare da ƙarfin 602 hp. da kuma 950 Nm. Matsakaicin saurin motar shine 250 km / h, yana saurin zuwa daruruwan ƙasa da sakan hudu.
An kiyasta kewayon kewayawar zagayowar WLTP a kilomita 320. Cikakkiyar caji daga tashar mai karfin kilowatt 50 zai ɗauki kimanin awa ɗaya, kuma daga tashar mai karfin kilowatt 100 zai ɗauki minti 40.
BMW iX3
Kamfanin BMW na farko mai ƙetare wutar lantarki shine ainihin X3 wanda aka sake shi akan dandamalin lantarki, wanda a yanzu injin, watsawa da wutar lantarki suka haɗu zuwa ɓangare ɗaya. Thearfin baturi ya kai 70 kWh, wanda zai ba ka damar tuka kilomita 400 a kan zagayen WLTP. Motar lantarki tana samar da 268 hp, kuma yana ɗaukar rabin sa'a kawai don sake cika zangon daga caji zuwa 150 kW.
Ba kamar BMW i3 ba, ba a tsara iX3 azaman abin hawa na lantarki ba, amma ya yi amfani da dandamali da yake. Wannan hanyar ta ba BMW gagarumar ƙwarewar masana'antu, yana ba da damar haɗa manyan motoci da lantarki a kan tushe ɗaya. Kudin BMW iX3 ana tsammanin zai kai kimanin $ 71,500.
Audi Etron GT
E-Tron GT daga Audi zai zama na uku mai amfani da lantarki wanda za'a gabatar dashi cikin samarwa a karshen wannan shekarar. Motar za ta karɓi tuka-ƙafa huɗu, adadin ƙarfin motocin lantarki biyu zai zama lita 590. daga. Motar za ta hanzarta zuwa 100 km / h a cikin kawai sakan 3.5, ta kai babban gudun kusan kilomita 240 / h. An kiyasta kewayon akan zagaye na WLTP a kilomita 400, kuma caji har zuwa kashi 80 cikin ɗari ta hanyar 800-volt tsarin yana ɗaukar mintuna 20 kawai.
Godiya ga tsarin warkarwa, raguwa har zuwa 0.3g za a iya amfani da shi ba tare da taimakon birki na diski ba. Ciki yana amfani da kayan ci gaba, gami da fata na vegan. Audi e-tron GT ainihin dangi ne na Porsche Taycan kuma ana tsammanin zai kashe kusan $ 130,000.
Mini lantarki
Lokacin da ta tashi daga layin taron a cikin Maris 2020, Mini Electric zai zama mafi arha motar duka-lantarki a cikin damuwa na BMW, kuma zai yi ƙasa da BMW i3. Motar na iya hanzarta daga 0 zuwa 100 km / h a cikin sakan 7.3, kuma ƙarfin injin yana da ƙarfin 184. da 270 Nm.
An iyakance iyakar gudu a kusan 150 km / h, kewayon kan zagaye na WLTP zai bambanta daga 199 zuwa 231 kilomita, kuma ana iya sake shigar da batirin zuwa kashi 80 cikin ɗari a tashar caji mai sauri cikin mintuna 35 kawai. Gidan yana da tabarau mai inci 6.5 da kuma tsarin sauti na Harmon Kardon.
Mawallafi na 2
Motar lantarki mai tuka-tuka mai ƙarfi tare da tashar wutar lantarki 300 kW (408 hp) za ta kasance ta biyu a cikin dangin Polestar (alamar Volvo). Dangane da halayen fasaha masu ban sha'awa, zai yi kama da wanda ya riga shi - hanzari zuwa ɗari a cikin 4.7 seconds, ajiyar wutar lantarki na 600 km a cikin sake zagayowar WLTP. Ciki na Polestar 2, wanda ya fara daga $ 65,000, zai ƙunshi tsarin infotainment na Android mai inci 11 a karon farko, kuma masu shi za su iya buɗe motar ta amfani da fasahar "Phone-as-key".
Sake caji Volvo XC40
Zai zama motar Volvo ta farko mai kera duk mai lantarki tare da farashin shigarwa na $ 65,000. (Gabaɗaya, damuwar Sweden tana ƙoƙari don tabbatar da cewa rabin samfurin su da aka sayar ta 2025 za su sami ƙarfin wutar lantarki). Motar mai taya huɗu zata karɓi injunan lantarki guda biyu tare da ƙarfin 402 hp, wanda zai iya hanzarta zuwa ɗari a cikin dakika 4.9 da kuma samar da matsakaicin gudun 180 km / h.
Za a samar da wuta daga batirin mai tarawa mai nauyin 78 kW * h, wanda zai bada damar yin tafiyar kusan kilomita 400 akan caji daya. Kamfanin Volvo yayi ikirarin cewa batirin zai murmure daga saurin caji 150kW zuwa kashi 80 cikin minti 40. Za a gina motar lantarki a kan sabon dandamali na Kamfanin Karamin Fasaha, wanda kuma ake amfani da shi a kan samfuran Lynk & Co 01, 02 da 03 (wannan alamar mallakar Geely ce, uwar kamfanin Volvo).
Porsche Thai
Gaskiyar cewa Porsche yana ƙaddamar da motocin lantarki yana magana da yawa. Taycan da ake tsammani sosai, tare da farashin farawa na $ 108,000, ƙofa ce ta huɗu, mai ɗaukar kujeru biyar tare da injin lantarki a kan kowane ɗawainiya da kewayon kilomita 450 akan zagayen WLTP.
Zai kasance yana cikin sifofin Turbo da Turbo S. Latterarshen zai karɓi injin samar da wuta wanda ke ba da 460 kW (616 hp) tare da zaɓi na overboost don ƙara ƙarfi a cikin sakan 2.5 zuwa 560 kW (750 hp). A sakamakon haka, hanzari zuwa 100 km / h zai ɗauki sakan 2.8, kuma matsakaicin gudu zai zama 260 km / h.
Karin Evija
Lotus, godiya ga babban jari daga Geely, wanda kuma ya mallaki Volvo da Polestar, a ƙarshe ya sami albarkatun don gina motar hawan lantarki. Za a kashe dala miliyan 2,600,000, kuma 150 ne kawai za a kera wadannan injuna. Halayen fasaha suna da matukar tsanani - motocin lantarki guda hudu suna samar da 2,000 hp. da kuma 1700 Nm na karfin juyi; daga 0 zuwa 300 km / h motar tana haɓaka cikin daƙiƙa 9 (daƙiƙa 5 cikin sauri fiye da Bugatti Chiron), kuma daga 0 zuwa 100 km / h a cikin ƙasa da daƙiƙa 3.
Babban saurin sa shine 320 km / h. Batirin mai nauyin kilogiram 680 mai karfin 70 kWh ba a karkashin kasa yake ba, kamar yadda yake a Tesla, amma a bayan kujerun baya, wanda ya rage tsayin tafiyar zuwa 105 mm kuma a lokaci guda ya tabbatar da nisan kilomita 400 kamar yadda WLTP sake zagayowar
Kammalawa
Kamfanoni da yawa suna haɓaka batura tare da gajerun lokutan caji, ta amfani da abubuwan nanom da abubuwa na zamani. Duk wata damuwa da mota mai mutunta kanta tana daukar ta ne aikin kerawa da harbawa a kasuwa motar da ke dauke da wutar lantarki. Kirkirar motocin lantarki a wannan lokaci lokaci ne mai matukar fifiko don ci gaban masana'antar kera motoci ta duniya.
