20 abubuwan ban mamaki a bayan sunan Toyota

Toyota yana da magoya baya da abokan hamayya. Amma ko na karshen ba zai iya musanta cewa kamfanin na Japan yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan masana'antun kera motoci a tarihi. Anan akwai abubuwa 20 masu ban sha'awa waɗanda ke bayyana yadda ƙaramin ƙaramin abu, mallakar gidan ya sami nasarar mamaye duniya.

1 A farkon akwai zane

Ba kamar sauran kamfanonin motoci ba, Toyota bai fara da motoci, kekuna, ko wasu motocin ba. Wanda ya kafa kamfanin, Sakichi Toyoda, ya kafa shi a 1890 a matsayin taron bita na kayan kwalliya.

Shekarun farko sun kasance masu kyau, har sai a cikin 1927 kamfanin ya ƙirƙira kayan aiki na atomatik, wanda aka siyar da haƙƙin mallaka ga Burtaniya.

2 Ba da gaske Toyota ba

Iyalin da suka kafa kamfanin ba Toyota ba ne, Toyota ne. An canza sunan ba kawai don dalilai na sauti mai kyau ba, amma daga imani na gargajiya. A cikin harshen Jafananci "katakana", an rubuta wannan sigar sunan tare da bugun jini takwas, kuma lamba 8 a al'adun Gabas yana kawo sa'a da wadata.

3 Tsarin mulkin mallaka zai sake haifar da kasuwancin iyali

A cikin 1930, wanda ya kafa kamfanin, Sakichi Toyoda, ya mutu. Dansa Kiichiro ya yanke shawarar kafa masana'antar kera motoci, musamman don biyan bukatun sojojin Japan a yakin mamaya a kasar Sin da sauran sassan Asiya. Samfurin yawan jama'a na farko shine babbar motar Toyota G1, wacce aka fi amfani da ita don ayyukan soja.

4 Motar farko ta kasance kwafi

Kamar yawancin masana'antun Asiya, Toyota ya fara aron ra'ayoyi da ƙarfin zuciya daga ƙasashen waje. Motarta ta farko, Toyota AA, haƙiƙa ta kasance cikakkiyar kwaikwayon Amurka DeSoto Airflow.

DeSoto Airflow 1935

Toyota AA

Kiichiro ya siyo motar ya kaita gida a tafi da ita kuma a duba a tsanake. AA ya bar shagon taron a cikin jerin iyakataccen iyaka - raka'a 1404 kawai. Kwanan nan, ɗaya daga cikinsu, 1936, an samo shi a cikin sito na Rasha (hoto).

5 yakin Koriya ya cece ta daga fatarar kuɗi

Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na II, Toyota ya tsinci kansa cikin mawuyacin hali, kuma hatta Landcruiser na farko, wanda aka gabatar da shi a shekarar 1951, ba ya canza yanayin sosai. Koyaya, barkewar Yaƙin Koriya ya haifar da babbar umarnin soja daga gwamnatin Amurka. Yawan manyan motoci ya karu daga 300 a kowace shekara zuwa sama da 5000.

6 Yana samarda ayyuka 365 a Amurka.

Kyakkyawan alaƙar aiki da sojojin Amurka ya jagoranci Kiichiro Toyoda don fara fitar da motoci zuwa Amurka a cikin 1957. A yau kamfanin ya samar da ayyuka 365 a Amurka, duk da cewa duk da kokarin da Shugaba Trump ya yi, ana mayar da su Mexico.

7 Toyota ta haifar da ingancin Japan

A farkon farawa, kamfanonin kera motoci a cikin ofasar Fitowa daga Haske sun yi nesa da sanannen "ƙimar Japan". A zahiri, samfuran farko da aka fitar zuwa Amurka sun haɗu sosai ta yadda idan aka raba ɗaya, injiniyoyin GM suka yi dariya. Canjin canjin ya zo ne bayan Toyota ya gabatar da abin da ake kira TPS (Toyota Production System) a cikin 1953. Ya ta'allaka ne da ƙa'idar "jidoka", wanda ke nufin "mutum mai sarrafa kansa" a Jafananci.

Manufar ita ce cewa kowane ma'aikaci a cikin shagon taron ya dauki nauyin komai kuma yana da madannin nasa wanda zai iya dakatar da duk mai dauke da motar idan akwai shakku game da ingancin bangaren. Bayan shekaru 6-7 kawai, wannan ƙa'idar ta canza motocin Toyota. A yau, wannan ƙa'idar tana da aikace-aikacenta zuwa digiri ɗaya ko wata a cikin bita kusan dukkanin masana'antun duniya.

8 Mota mafi sayarwa a tarihi shine Toyota

A cikin 1966, Toyota ya fito da sabon tsarin gida, Corolla, mota mai tazarar lita 1,1 wacce ta shiga tsararraki 12 tun daga wannan lokacin. Kusan an sayar da guda miliyan 50.

Wannan gaskiyar ta sa motar ta zama mafi kyawun samfurin a tarihi, kimanin raka'a miliyan 10 gaba da mashahurin VW Golf. Corolla ya wanzu a cikin dukkan nau'ikan jiki - sedan, coupe, hatchback, hardtop, minivan, kuma kwanan nan har ma wata hanyar ketare ta bayyana.

9 Sarkin sarakuna ya zaɓi Toyota

Akwai samfuran ƙima da yawa a Japan, daga Lexus, Infiniti da Acura zuwa waɗanda ba su shahara kamar Mitsuoka ba. Amma Sarkin Japan ya dade da zabar motar Toyota, Limosin Century, don safarar kansa.

Yanzu ana amfani da ƙarni na uku. Duk da ƙirar mazan jiya, ƙirar ƙirar mota ce ta zamani wacce ke da matattarar motsa jiki (motar lantarki da lita 5 V8) da kuma 431 hp. daga. Toyota bai taba ba da karni a kasuwannin ƙetare ba - na Japan ne kawai.

10 cetarewa ta farko?

Za mu iya yin gardama ba tare da ƙarewa ba game da wane nau'in crossover ne na farko a tarihi - samfuran Amurka AMC da Ford, Lada Niva na Rasha da Nissan Qashqai suna da'awar wannan.

Alamar ƙarshe ta zahiri ta gabatar da sigar zamani ta hanyar gicciye, da farko don amfanin birane. Amma kusan shekaru 4 kafin ya zo da Toyota RAVXNUMX, SUV ta farko tare da halayyar motar gargajiya.

11 Motar da Hollywood ta Fi So

A cikin 1997, Toyota ya gabatar da Prius, wanda shine karo na farko da aka fara kera abin hawa. Yana da wani tsari mai ƙarancin sha'awa, halayyar hanya mai ban sha'awa da kuma ciki mai ban sha'awa. Amma samfurin ya ƙunshi fasahar injiniya mai ban sha'awa kuma ta yi iƙirarin kasancewa mai ɗorewa. Wannan ya sa mashahuran Hollywood yin layi.

Abokan ciniki sun haɗa da Tom Hanks, Julia Roberts, Gwyneth Paltrow da Bradley Cooper, kuma Leonardo DiCaprio ya taɓa mallakar Prius huɗu. A yau, hybrids sune na al'ada, godiya a babban bangare ga Prius.

12 Mu Sha Daga Muffler

Duk da haka, Jafanawa ba sa so su huta a kan tsohon laurels tare da priuses. Tun daga 2014, suna sayar da samfurin da ba zai misaltu ba - a zahiri, motar farko da aka kera ta jama'a wacce ba ta da hayaki mai cutarwa, kuma ruwan sha shine kawai sharar gida.

Toyota Mirai yana aiki akan sel man hydrogen kuma ya sayar fiye da raka'a 10500 ya zuwa yanzu. A lokaci guda, masu fafatawa daga Honda da Hyundai sun kasance kawai a cikin jerin gwaji.

13 Toyota shima ya kirkiri Aston Martin

Ka'idodin fitarwa na Turai sun haifar da ɓarna da yawa a tsawon shekaru. Ofaya daga cikin mafi ban dariya shine canza ƙaramin Toyota IQ zuwa samfurin ... Aston Martin.

Don rage matsakaicin farashin jirginsu, Turawan Burtaniya kawai sun ɗauki IQ, sun sake sabunta shi kuma sun sake masa suna Aston Martin Cygnet, wanda ya ninka farashinsa ninki biyu. A dabi'a, tallace-tallace kusan babu komai.

14 Kamfanin mota mafi tsada a duniya

Shekaru da dama, Toyota ya kasance kamfanin mota tare da babbar kasuwar duniya, kusan ninki biyu na na Volkswagen. Karɓar tallace-tallace na hannun jari na Tesla a cikin 'yan watannin nan sun canza wannan, amma babu wani mai sharhi mai mahimmanci da ke tsammanin farashin kamfanin Amurka na yanzu ya ci gaba.

Har zuwa yanzu, Tesla bai taɓa samun irin wannan ribar ta shekara-shekara ba, yayin da kuɗin Toyota ya kasance daidai a cikin dala biliyan 15-20.

15 Kamfani na farko da ke da raka'a sama da miliyan 10 a kowace shekara

Rikicin tattalin arziki na shekara ta 2008 ya ga kamfanin Toyota ya ƙare GM a matsayin babbar masana'antar kera motoci a duniya. A cikin 2013, Jafananci ya zama kamfani na farko a tarihi don samar da motoci sama da miliyan 10 a shekara.

A yau Volkswagen ya zama na farko a matsayin rukuni, amma Toyota ba zai yiwu ba a wasu samfuran.

16 Yana sanya $ 1 Million a Bincike ... awa daya

Gaskiyar cewa Toyota ya kasance a sama tsawon shekaru da yawa yana haɗuwa da gagarumin ci gaba. A cikin shekara ta al'ada, kamfani yana saka kimanin dala miliyan 1 awa ɗaya a cikin bincike. Toyota a halin yanzu yana riƙe da lasisi guda dubu na duniya.

17 Toyota "ka rayu" tsawon lokaci

Wani bincike daga froman shekarun da suka gabata ya nuna cewa kashi 80% na duk motocin Toyota a cikin shekarunsu na 20 har yanzu suna kan aiki. Hoton da ke sama shine ƙarni na biyu mai girman kai 1974 Corolla.

18 Kamfanin har yanzu mallakar dangi ne

Duk da girman girmansa, Toyota ya kasance kamfanin kamfani na iyali wanda Sakichi Toyoda ya kafa. Shugaban Kamfanin na yau Akio Toyoda (hoto) ɗan asalinsa ne, kamar dukkan surorin da suka gabace shi.

19 Kamfanin Toyota

Baya ga alamar sunan ta, Toyota kuma tana kera motoci a ƙarƙashin sunayen Lexus, Daihatsu, Hino da Ranz. Ya kuma mallaki alamar Scion, amma an rufe ta bayan rikicin kuɗi na ƙarshe.

Bugu da kari, kamfanin Toyota ya mallaki 17% na Subaru, 5,5% na Mazda, 4,9% na Suzuki, yana shiga cikin ayyukan haɗin gwiwa da yawa tare da kamfanonin China da PSA Peugeot-Citroen, kuma ya haɓaka haɗin gwiwa tare da BMW don ayyukan haɓaka haɗin gwiwa.

20 Japan ma tana da garin Toyota

Kamfanin yana da hedkwata a Toyota, Aichi Prefecture. Har zuwa shekarun 1950, wani ƙaramin gari ne da ake kira Koromo. A yau yana da gida ga mutane 426 kuma an sa masa sunan kamfanin da ya ƙirƙira shi.