Conas comhbhrĂș an innill a thomhas
Ăbhar
- Cad a thaispeĂĄnann an tomhas comhbhrĂșite: na prĂomhfheidhmeanna
- Trealamh fĂ©in-thomhais: comhbhrĂșiteoir agus AGC
- ComhbhrĂș innill gĂĄsailĂn agus dĂosail a thomhas
- ComhbhrĂș agus throttle
- Tomhas comhbhrĂșite le hola a chur leis an sorcĂłir
- DĂ©anaimid meastĂłireacht ar na torthaĂ a fhaightear
- ComhbhrĂș a thomhas le haghaidh fuar nĂł te
- ComharthaĂ de chomhbhrĂș laghdaithe
- Na cĂșiseanna leis an laghdĂș ar chomhbhrĂș sna sorcĂłirĂ
- Ceisteanna agus FreagraĂ:
Ligeann tĂĄscaire comhbhrĂș an ghrĂșpa loine sorcĂłra duit an stĂĄt a chinneadh inneall dĂłchĂĄin inmheĂĄnaigh nĂł a eilimintĂ aonair. NĂos minice, cuirtear an paraimĂ©adar seo in ionad nuair a bhĂonn cumhacht an aonaid chumhachta laghdaithe go suntasach nĂł nuair a bhĂonn deacrachtaĂ ann an t-inneall a thosĂș.
Lig dĂșinn smaoineamh ar na cĂșiseanna a bhfĂ©adfadh an brĂș sna sorcĂłirĂ titim nĂł fiĂș imeacht, conas an paraimĂ©adar seo a sheiceĂĄil, cĂ©n uirlis atĂĄ riachtanach chuige seo, chomh maith le cuid de na caolchĂșisĂ atĂĄ leis an nĂłs imeachta seo.
Cad a thaispeĂĄnann an tomhas comhbhrĂșite: na prĂomhfheidhmeanna
Sula ndĂ©anann tĂș machnamh ar chomhbhrĂș a thomhas, nĂ mĂłr duit an sainmhĂniĂș fĂ©in a thuiscint. Is minic a mhearbhalltar le cĂłimheas comhbhrĂșite. I ndĂĄirĂre, is Ă© an cĂłimheas comhbhrĂșite an cĂłimheas idir toirt an tsorcĂłra iomlĂĄin agus toirt an tseomra comhbhrĂșite (an spĂĄs os cionn an loine nuair atĂĄ sĂ© ag an lĂĄr marbh barr).
Is luach seasmhach Ă© seo, agus athraĂonn sĂ© nuair a athraĂonn paraimĂ©adair an tsorcĂłra nĂł an loine (mar shampla, nuair a athraĂonn loine Ăł dronnach go ceann cothrom, laghdaĂonn an cĂłimheas comhbhrĂșite, Ăłs rud Ă© go mĂ©adaĂonn mĂ©id an tseomra comhbhrĂșite). Cuirtear codĂĄn in iĂșl dĂł i gcĂłnaĂ, mar shampla 1:12.
TagraĂonn comhbhrĂș (arna shainiĂș nĂos cruinne mar bhrĂș deireadh strĂłc) don bhrĂș uasta a chruthaĂonn an loine nuair a shroicheann sĂ© an lĂĄr marbh barr ag deireadh na strĂłc comhbhrĂșite (tĂĄ na comhlaĂ ionghabhĂĄla agus sceite dĂșnta araon).
Braitheann comhbhrĂș ar an gcĂłimheas comhbhrĂșite, ach nĂl an dara paraimĂ©adar ag brath ar an gcĂ©ad cheann. Braitheann an mĂ©id brĂș ag deireadh na strĂłc comhbhrĂșite ar fhachtĂłirĂ breise a dâfhĂ©adfadh a bheith i lĂĄthair le linn tomhais:
- brĂș ag tĂșs an strĂłc comhbhrĂș;
- conas a dhĂ©antar uainiĂș na comhla a choigeartĂș;
- teocht le linn tomhais;
- sceitheadh ââsa sorcĂłir;
- luas tosaigh crankshaft;
- ceallraĂ marbh;
- mĂ©id iomarcach ola sa sorcĂłir (le grĂșpa loine sorcĂłra caite);
- friotaĂocht sa phĂopa iomadĂșil iontĂłgĂĄil;
- slaodacht ola innill.
DĂ©anann roinnt meicnic iarracht cumhacht innill a mhĂ©adĂș trĂd an gcĂłimheas comhbhrĂșite a mhĂ©adĂș. DĂ©anta na fĂrinne, nĂ athraĂonn an nĂłs imeachta seo ach an paraimĂ©adar seo beagĂĄn. Is fĂ©idir leat lĂ©amh faoi bhealaĂ eile chun "capaill" a chur leis an inneall. in alt ar leith.
CĂ©n tionchar a bhĂonn ag an mbrĂș ag deireadh na strĂłc comhbhrĂșite? NĂl anseo ach cĂșpla fachtĂłir:
- TĂșs fuar an innill. TĂĄ an fachtĂłir seo tĂĄbhachtach go hĂĄirithe dâinnill dĂosail. Iad, dĂ©antar an meascĂĄn aerbhreosla a adhaint mar gheall ar theocht an aeir ard-chomhbhrĂșite. Maidir le haonaid gĂĄsailĂn, tĂĄ an paraimĂ©adar seo chomh tĂĄbhachtach cĂ©anna.
- I roinnt cĂĄsanna, bĂonn mĂ©adĂș ar bhrĂș na ngĂĄs cĂĄsĂĄla mar thoradh ar laghdĂș ar chomhbhrĂș. Mar thoradh air sin, tĂ©ann mĂ©id nĂos mĂł gaile ola ar ais san inneall, rud a fhĂĄgann go dtiocfaidh mĂ©adĂș ar thocsaineacht an sceite, chomh maith le hĂ©illiĂș an tseomra dĂłchĂĄin.
- Dinimic feithiclĂ. Le laghdĂș ar chomhbhrĂș, titeann freagairt throttle an innill go suntasach, mĂ©adaĂonn an ĂdiĂș breosla, titeann an leibhĂ©al ola sa chĂĄs an chromĂĄin nĂos gasta (mĂĄ sceitheann bealaithe trĂd an bhfĂĄinne scraper ola, dĂłitear an ola, a mbĂonn deatach gorm Ăłn bpĂopa sceite ag gabhĂĄil leis).
NĂl aon luach uilĂoch don bhrĂș ag deireadh na strĂłc comhbhrĂșite, Ăłs rud Ă© go mbraitheann sĂ© ar pharaimĂ©adair an aonaid chumhachta aonair. Ina fhianaise seo, nĂ fĂ©idir luach comhbhrĂș uilĂoch a ainmniĂș do gach aonad cumhachta. Is fĂ©idir an paraimĂ©adar seo a fhĂĄil Ăł dhoicimĂ©adĂșchĂĄn teicniĂșil na feithicle.
Nuair a bhraitear athrĂș ar bhrĂș le linn tomhais, fĂ©adfaidh sĂ© seo na mĂfheidhmeanna seo a leanas a lĂ©iriĂș:
- Pistons caite. Ăs rud Ă© go bhfuil na codanna seo dĂ©anta as alĂșmanam, caithfidh siad amach le himeacht ama. MĂĄ fhoirmĂonn poll sa loine (dĂłitear amach), is fĂ©idir an comhbhrĂș sa sorcĂłir sin a laghdĂș go mĂłr nĂł imeacht go praiticiĂșil (ag brath ar mhĂ©id an phoill).
- ComhlaĂ burnout. TarlaĂonn sĂ© seo go minic nuair a shocraĂtear an adhaint go mĂcheart. Sa chĂĄs seo, tarlaĂonn dĂłchĂĄn an mheascĂĄin aerbhreosla nuair a bhĂonn an chomhla oscailte, rud a fhĂĄgann go bhfuil a imill rĂłthĂ©amh. CĂșis eile le suĂochĂĄn comhla nĂł loscadh poipĂn is ea meascĂĄn aeir / breosla thrua. Is fĂ©idir cailliĂșint comhbhrĂș a bheith ann freisin mar gheall ar chomhlaĂ nach suĂonn go docht (dĂfhoirmithe). BĂonn glanta idir an chomhla agus a suĂochĂĄn ina chĂșis le sceitheadh ââgĂĄis roimh am, rud a fhĂĄgann go ndĂ©antar an loine a bhrĂș amach gan fĂłrsa leordhĂłthanach.
- DamĂĄiste do ghaiscĂ©id an chinn sorcĂłra. MĂĄ phlĂ©ascann sĂ© ar chĂșis ar bith, Ă©alĂłidh gĂĄis go pĂĄirteach isteach sa chraic a thiocfaidh dĂĄ bharr (tĂĄ an brĂș sa sorcĂłir ard, agus is cinnte go bhfaighidh siad âpointe lagâ).
- Caitheamh fĂĄinne loine. MĂĄ tĂĄ na fĂĄinnĂ i riocht maith, rialĂłidh siad sreabhadh ola agus sĂ©alafidh siad gluaiseachtaĂ sleamhnĂĄin an loine. Is Ă© an fheidhm eile atĂĄ acu teas a aistriĂș Ăłn loine go ballaĂ an tsorcĂłra. Nuair a chuirtear teannas na brĂstĂ comhbhrĂș i gcontĂșirt, tĂ©ann na gĂĄis sceite isteach sa chĂĄs an chromĂĄin nĂos mĂł, seachas iad a bhaint isteach sa chĂłras sceite. MĂĄ chaitear na fĂĄinnĂ scraper ola, tĂ©ann nĂos mĂł bealaithe isteach sa seomra dĂłchĂĄin, rud a fhĂĄgann go dtiocfaidh mĂ©adĂș ar ĂdiĂș ola.
Chomh maith leis sin, le linn tomhais, is fiĂș aird a thabhairt ar a mhĂ©id a dâathraigh an brĂș sna sorcĂłirĂ. MĂĄ lĂ©irigh an nĂłs imeachta laghdĂș aonfhoirmeach ar an tĂĄscaire i ngach sorcĂłir, ansin lĂ©irĂonn sĂ© seo caitheamh nĂĄdĂșrtha an ghrĂșpa loine sorcĂłra (nĂł cuid dĂĄ chodanna, mar shampla, fĂĄinnĂ).
Nuair a bhĂonn an brĂș ag deireadh strĂłc comhbhrĂșite sorcĂłra amhĂĄin (nĂł nĂos mĂł) difriĂșil go mĂłr Ăłn gcomhbhrĂș i gcuid eile, ansin lĂ©irĂonn sĂ© seo mĂfheidhmiĂș san aonad seo. I measc na gcĂșiseanna tĂĄ:
- Comhla dĂłite;
- FĂĄinnĂ loine sĂĄfa (glaonn meicnic air âfĂĄinnĂ greamaitheâ);
- DĂł an gasket ceann sorcĂłra.
Trealamh fĂ©in-thomhais: comhbhrĂșiteoir agus AGC
DĂ©antar tomhas comhbhrĂșite innill chun mĂfheidhmeanna indĂreacha innill a aithint. ĂsĂĄidtear na huirlisĂ seo a leanas chun diagnĂłis chruinn a dhĂ©anamh:
- ComhbhrĂșiteoir;
- ComhbhrĂșiteoir;
- AnailĂseoir tochta sorcĂłra.
ComhbhrĂșiteoir
Ligeann sĂ© seiceĂĄil buisĂ©id ar stĂĄdas an CPG. CosnaĂonn an tsamhail saor thart ar $ 11. Is leor Ă© le haghaidh roinnt tomhais. CosnaĂonn an leagan nĂos costasaĂ thart ar $ 25. Is minic a chuimsĂonn a threalamh roinnt oiriĂșnaitheoirĂ le pĂobĂĄin de fhaid Ă©agsĂșla.
Is fiĂș aird a thabhairt ar an bhfĂric gur fĂ©idir an glĂ©as a bheith le glas snĂĄithithe, nĂł go bhfĂ©adfadh sĂ© a bheith ag clampĂĄil. Sa chĂ©ad chĂĄs, dĂ©antar Ă© a scriĂș isteach sa pholl breiseĂĄn, rud a fhĂĄgann go bhfuil an nĂłs imeachta nĂos Ă©asca agus nĂos cruinne (eisiatar sceitheanna beaga). Caithfear an bushing rubair den dara cineĂĄl feistĂ a bhrĂș go daingean i gcoinne poll an choinnle go maith.
Is gnĂĄthrud Ă© an fearas seo tomhsaire brĂș le comhla seiceĂĄla, a ligeann nĂ amhĂĄin an tĂĄscaire a fheiceĂĄil, ach Ă© a shocrĂș ar feadh tamaill freisin. TĂĄ sĂ© inmholta go mbeadh an comhla seiceĂĄla ar leithligh, agus gan a bheith sĂĄsta leis an gceann a bhfuil an tomhsaire brĂș feistithe air. Sa chĂĄs seo, beidh an cruinneas tomhais nĂos airde.
TĂĄ comhbhrĂșiteoirĂ leictreonacha ann freisin. Is tĂĄstĂĄlaĂ mĂłtair Ă© seo a ligeann duit nĂ amhĂĄin an brĂș sa sorcĂłir a thomhas, ach freisin na hathruithe sa sruth ag an tosaitheoir le linn cnagadh dĂomhaoin an mhĂłtair. ĂsĂĄidtear feistĂ den sĂłrt sin ag stĂĄisiĂșin seirbhĂse gairmiĂșla le haghaidh diagnĂłisic domhain feithiclĂ.
Compressograph
Leagan nĂos costasaĂ Ă© seo den tomhsaire comhbhrĂșite, a thomhaiseann nĂ amhĂĄin an brĂș i sorcĂłir aonair, ach a ghineann tuarascĂĄil ghrafach do gach nĂłd freisin. RangaĂtear an glĂ©as seo mar threalamh gairmiĂșil. TĂĄ a chostas thart ar $ 300.
AnailĂseoir Sceitheadh ââSorcĂłra
NĂ dhĂ©anann an glĂ©as seo an comhbhrĂș fĂ©in a thomhas, ach an folĂșs sa sorcĂłir. Ligeann sĂ© duit an riocht a mheas:
- sorcĂłirĂ;
- brĂstĂ;
- fĂĄinnĂ loine;
- comhlaĂ ionghabhĂĄla agus sceite;
- rĂłnta gas comhla (nĂł rĂłnta comhla);
- lĂneĂĄlacha (caitheamh);
- fĂĄinnĂ loine (cĂłic);
- comhlaĂ na meicnĂochta dĂĄilte gĂĄis.
Ligeann an uirlis duit tĂĄscairĂ a thomhas gan an t-inneall a dhĂchumadh.
Le haghaidh fĂ©inseiceĂĄil sa bhaile, is leor comhbhrĂșiteoir buisĂ©id. MĂĄ thaispeĂĄin sĂ© toradh Ăseal, is fiĂș teagmhĂĄil a dhĂ©anamh leis an stĂĄisiĂșn seirbhĂse ionas go n-aithneoidh na speisialtĂłirĂ an fhadhb agus na deisiĂșchĂĄin riachtanacha a dhĂ©anamh.
ComhbhrĂș innill gĂĄsailĂn agus dĂosail a thomhas
TĂĄ tomhais comhbhrĂșite ar innill gĂĄsailĂn agus dĂosail difriĂșil. Sa chĂ©ad chĂĄs, tĂĄ an nĂłs imeachta i bhfad nĂos Ă©asca nĂĄ sa dara ceann. Seo a leanas an difrĂocht.
Inneall peitril
DĂ©anfar an brĂș sa chĂĄs seo a thomhas trĂ na poill sprĂ©ach-phlocĂłide. Is fusa comhbhrĂș a thomhas leat fĂ©in mĂĄ tĂĄ rochtain mhaith ar na coinnle. Maidir leis an nĂłs imeachta, is leor comhbhrĂșiteoir traidisiĂșnta.
Inneall dĂosail
Adhaint an meascĂĄn breosla-aeir san aonad seo de rĂ©ir prionsabal difriĂșil: nĂ Ăłn sprĂ©ach a ghineann an coinneal, ach Ăł theocht an aeir atĂĄ comhbhrĂșite sa sorcĂłir. MĂĄ tĂĄ an comhbhrĂș in inneall den sĂłrt sin Ăseal, nĂ fhĂ©adfaidh an t-inneall tosĂș toisc nach bhfuil an t-aer comhbhrĂșite agus tĂ©ite sa mhĂ©id go ndĂ©anann an breosla adhaint.
DĂ©antar tomhais le rĂ©amh-dhĂchĂłimeĂĄil insteallĂłirĂ breosla nĂł plocĂłidĂ glow (ag brath ar an ĂĄit a bhfuil sĂ© nĂos Ă©asca teacht ar mholtaĂ mhonarĂłra mĂłtair ĂĄirithe agus ar mholtaĂ an mhonarĂłra sin). TeastaĂonn scileanna ĂĄirithe Ăłn nĂłs imeachta seo, mar sin is fearr dâĂșinĂ©ir carr le hinneall dĂosail teagmhĂĄil a dhĂ©anamh le seirbhĂs.
Agus comhbhrĂșiteoir ĂĄ cheannach agat do mhĂłtar den sĂłrt sin, nĂ mĂłr duit a chinneadh roimh rĂ© conas a dhĂ©anfar an tomhas - trĂ pholl an nozzle nĂł an breiseĂĄn glow. TĂĄ oiriĂșnaitheoirĂ ar leithligh ann do gach ceann acu.
NĂ gĂĄ tomhais comhbhrĂș in innill dĂosail a bhrĂș ar an gcos gĂĄis, Ăłs rud Ă© nach bhfuil comhla throttle ag an gcuid is mĂł de na modhnuithe. Is Ă an eisceacht an t-inneall dĂłchĂĄin inmheĂĄnaigh, a bhfuil comhla speisialta suiteĂĄilte sa iomadĂșil iontĂłgĂĄil.
Rialacha bunĂșsacha
Sula ndĂ©anann tĂș tomhais, ba cheart duit cuimhneamh ar na rialacha bunĂșsacha:
- TĂ©itear an t-inneall suas go teocht 60-80 cĂ©im (ritheann an mĂłtar go dtĂ go casann an lucht leanĂșna air). Chun fadhbanna le tĂșs "fuar" a dhiagnĂłisiĂș, dĂ©an an comhbhrĂș in inneall fuar a thomhas ar dtĂșs (is Ă© sin, tĂĄ teocht an innill dĂłchĂĄin inmheĂĄnaigh comhionann le teocht an aeir), agus ansin tĂ©itear suas Ă. MĂĄ tĂĄ na fĂĄinnĂ âgreamaitheâ nĂł mĂĄ tĂĄ na codanna den ghrĂșpa loine sorcĂłra caite go dona, ansin beidh an tĂĄscaire ag an tĂșs âar fhuarâ nĂos Ăsle, agus nuair a thĂ©itear an t-inneall suas, ardaĂonn an brĂș roinnt aonad.
- TĂĄ an cĂłras breosla dĂcheangailte. Ar inneall carbureted, is fĂ©idir leat an pĂobĂĄn breosla a bhaint den fheistiĂș inlet agus Ă© a ĂsliĂș i gcoimeĂĄdĂĄn folamh. MĂĄ tĂĄ an t-inneall dĂłchĂĄin inmheĂĄnaigh insteallta, ansin is fĂ©idir leat an solĂĄthar cumhachta a mhĂșchadh go dtĂ an caidĂ©al breosla. NĂ fĂ©idir le breosla dul isteach sa sorcĂłir ionas nach nighfidh sĂ© an ding ola amach. Chun an solĂĄthar breosla chuig an inneall dĂosail a mhĂșchadh, is fĂ©idir leat an comhla solenoid a dhĂ-fhuinneamh ar an lĂne breosla nĂł an luamhĂĄn mĂșchta caidĂ©il ardbhrĂș a bhogadh sĂos.
- Scriosadh gach coinnle. CruthĂłidh friotaĂocht breise agus tĂș ag casadh na plocĂłidĂ sprĂ©acha go lĂ©ir (seachas an sorcĂłir atĂĄ faoi thĂĄstĂĄil). crankshaft... Mar gheall air seo, dĂ©anfar an tomhas comhbhrĂșite ar luasanna Ă©agsĂșla rothlaithe an chromĂĄin.
- CeallraĂ luchtaithe go hiomlĂĄn. MĂĄ scaoiltear Ă©, tarlĂłidh gach rothlĂș ina dhiaidh sin den chromĂĄn nĂos moille. Mar gheall air seo, beidh an brĂș deiridh do gach sorcĂłir difriĂșil.
- Chun an crankshaft a chromadh ag luas tairiseach ag an gceardlann, is fĂ©idir feistĂ tosaigh a ĂșsĂĄid.
- Caithfidh an scagaire aeir a bheith glan.
- In inneall gĂĄsailĂn, dĂ©antar an cĂłras adhainte a mhĂșchadh ionas nach n-ĂdĂonn an ceallraĂ an iomarca fuinnimh.
- Caithfidh an tarchur a bheith neodrach. MĂĄ tĂĄ tarchur uathoibrĂoch ag an gcarr, ansin caithfear an roghnĂłir a bhogadh go suĂomh P (pĂĄirceĂĄil).
Ăs rud Ă© go sĂĄraĂonn an brĂș uasta i sorcĂłir innill dĂosail 20 atmaisfĂ©ar (go minic sroicheann sĂ© 48 atmais.), TeastaĂonn tomhas brĂș iomchuĂ chun an comhbhrĂș a thomhas (teorainn brĂș mĂ©adaithe - thart ar 60-70 atmais go minic).
Maidir le haonaid gĂĄsailĂn agus dĂosail, dĂ©antar comhbhrĂș a thomhas trĂd an crankshaft a chromadh ar feadh cĂșpla soicind. An chĂ©ad dĂĄ soicind ardĂłidh an tsaighead sa tomhsaire, stadfaidh sĂ ansin. Is Ă© seo an brĂș is mĂł a bheidh ann ag deireadh na strĂłc comhbhrĂșite. Sula dtosaĂonn tĂș ag tomhas an chĂ©ad sorcĂłra eile, caithfear an tomhsaire brĂș a athshocrĂș.
Gan comhbhrĂșiteoir
Mura bhfuil mĂ©adar comhbhrĂșite pearsanta ag foireann uirlisĂ an tiomĂĄnaĂ fĂłs, ansin is fĂ©idir leat an brĂș a sheiceĂĄil gan Ă©. Ar ndĂłigh, tĂĄ an modh seo mĂchruinn agus nĂ fĂ©idir brath air chun staid an innill a chinneadh. Ina ionad sin, is bealach Ă© le cuidiĂș a chinneadh an raibh mĂfheidhmiĂș mĂłtair mar thoradh ar chailliĂșint cumhachta.
Chun a fhĂĄil amach an gcruthaĂtear brĂș leordhĂłthanach sa sorcĂłir, tĂĄ breiseĂĄn amhĂĄin gan scriĂș, agus cuirtear wad Ăł nuachtĂĄn tirim ina ĂĄit (nĂ oibrĂonn gobĂĄn rag). Le gnĂĄth-chomhbhrĂș, nuair a chromann an crankshaft, ba chĂłir go dtĂłgfadh an gobĂĄn ardbhrĂș as an bpoll breiseĂĄn sprĂ©ach. Fuaimfidh pop lĂĄidir.
I gcĂĄs fadhbanna brĂș, lĂ©imfidh an wad as an tobar fĂłs, ach nĂ bheidh cadĂĄs ann. Ba cheart an nĂłs imeachta seo a athdhĂ©anamh le gach sorcĂłir ar leithligh. MĂĄs rud Ă© nach bhfuil an gobĂĄn popped amach chomh âĂ©ifeachtachâ i gceann acu, ansin is gĂĄ an carr a thabhairt chuig feighlĂ.
Ag baint ĂșsĂĄide as comhbhrĂșiteoir
Sa leagan clasaiceach, dĂ©antar tomhais ar chomhbhrĂș sa bhaile ag ĂșsĂĄid comhbhrĂșiteoir. Chuige seo, tĂ©itear an mĂłtar. Ansin tĂĄ na coinnle go lĂ©ir gan scriĂș, agus ina n-ionad, ag baint ĂșsĂĄide as cuibheoir, dĂ©antar pĂobĂĄn atĂĄ ceangailte leis an tomhsaire brĂș a scriĂș isteach sa choinneal go maith (mĂĄ ĂșsĂĄidtear analĂłgach brĂș, ansin caithfear Ă© a chur isteach go docht sa pholl agus a choinneĂĄil chomh docht ionas nach sceitheann aer amach as an sorcĂłir).
Ba chĂłir don chĂșntĂłir an pedal clutch a ĂsliĂș (chun Ă© a dhĂ©anamh nĂos Ă©asca don tosaitheoir an roth lofa a chasadh) agus Ă© a throttle (chun an sciorradh a oscailt go hiomlĂĄn). Sula ndĂ©antar an comhbhrĂș a thomhas, dĂ©anann an cĂșntĂłir iarracht an t-inneall a thosĂș chun sĂșiche agus taiscĂ a bhaint den sorcĂłir.
TĂĄ an tosaithe casta ar feadh thart ar chĂșig soicind. De ghnĂĄth is leor an t-am seo chun an tsnĂĄthaid tomhsaire a ardĂș agus a chobhsĂș.
ComhbhrĂș agus throttle
AthraĂonn suĂomh na comhla throttle an cĂłimheas comhbhrĂșite, mar sin chun an mhĂfheidhmiĂș a dhiagnĂłisiĂș go cruinn, dĂ©antar an tomhas ar dtĂșs leis an sciorradh oscailte go hiomlĂĄn, agus ansin leis an gceann dĂșnta.
Damper dĂșnta
Sa chĂĄs seo, rachaidh mĂ©id beag aeir isteach sa sorcĂłir. Beidh an brĂș deiridh nĂos Ăsle. Ligeann an tĂĄstĂĄil seo duit diagnĂłisic mhĂn lochtanna a dhĂ©anamh. Is Ă© seo an rud is fĂ©idir le comhbhrĂș Ăseal le sciorradh dĂșnta comhartha:
- Comhla greamaithe;
- Caith amach cam camshaft;
- Gan an comhla a fheistiĂș go docht ar an suĂochĂĄn;
- ScĂĄinte sa bhalla sorcĂłra;
- Rush an gaiscéid ceann sorcóra.
Is fĂ©idir fadhbanna den sĂłrt sin teacht chun cinn mar thoradh ar chaitheamh agus cuimilt nĂĄdĂșrtha roinnt codanna. Uaireanta bĂonn mĂfheidhmeanna den sĂłrt sin mar thoradh ar dheisiĂșchĂĄn innill dĂłchĂĄin inmheĂĄnaigh ar droch-chaighdeĂĄn.
Damper oscailte
Sa chĂĄs seo, rachaidh nĂos mĂł aeir isteach sa sorcĂłir, mar sin beidh an brĂș ag deireadh an strĂłc comhbhrĂșite nĂos airde go suntasach nĂĄ nuair a bheidh sĂ© ag tomhas le damper dĂșnta. Le mion-sceitheanna, nĂ bheidh mĂłrĂĄn difrĂochta sa tĂĄscaire. Ina fhianaise seo, tugann diagnĂłis den sĂłrt sin deis do cheann lochtanna nĂos comhlĂĄn sa CPG a chinneadh. I measc na mĂfheidhmeanna a dâfhĂ©adfadh a bheith ann tĂĄ:
- TĂĄ an loine dĂłite;
- FĂĄinnĂ cĂłcarĂĄilte suas;
- DĂ©antar an comhla a dhĂł nĂł dĂ©antar a gas a dhĂfhoirmiĂș;
- FĂĄinne plĂ©asctha nĂł dĂfhoirmithe;
- Tå urghabhålacha déanta ar scåthån an bhalla sorcóra.
TĂĄ dinimic an chomhbhrĂșite mĂ©adaithe tĂĄbhachtach freisin. MĂĄ tĂĄ sĂ© beag ag an gcĂ©ad chomhbhrĂș, agus ag lĂ©im go gĂ©ar ag an gcĂ©ad cheann eile, ansin fĂ©adfaidh sĂ© seo caitheamh fĂ©ideartha na bhfĂĄinnĂ loine a lĂ©iriĂș.
Ar an lĂĄimh eile, nĂ athraĂonn foirmiĂș gĂ©ar brĂș le linn an chĂ©ad chomhbhrĂșite, agus le linn comhbhrĂșite ina dhiaidh sin, sĂĄrĂș ar thiĂșs gasket nĂł comhla an chinn sorcĂłra. NĂ fĂ©idir ach an mhĂfheidhmiĂș a shainaithint trĂ dhiagnĂłisic bhreise a ĂșsĂĄid.
MĂĄ chinneann ĂșinĂ©ir an ghluaisteĂĄin an dĂĄ mhodh chun comhbhrĂș a thomhas a ĂșsĂĄid, ba cheart an nĂłs imeachta a dhĂ©anamh ar dtĂșs agus an comhla throttle a oscailt. Ansin nĂ mĂłr duit na coinnle a scriĂș agus ligean don mhĂłtar rith. Ansin dĂ©antar an brĂș a thomhas agus an damper dĂșnta.
Tomhas comhbhrĂșite le hola a chur leis an sorcĂłir
MĂĄ thiteann an brĂș i gceann de na sorcĂłirĂ, is fĂ©idir an modh seo a leanas a ĂșsĂĄid, rud a chabhrĂłidh le cinneadh nĂos cruinne a dhĂ©anamh ar an mĂfheidhmiĂș a tharla. Tar Ă©is an sorcĂłir âfadhbâ a aithint, dĂ©antar 5-10 millilĂtear dâola Ăon a dhoirteadh le steallaire. Caithfidh tĂș iarracht a dhĂ©anamh Ă© a dhĂĄileadh feadh bhallaĂ an tsorcĂłra, agus gan Ă© a dhoirteadh ar bhun an loine.
NeartĂłidh lubrication breise an ding ola. MĂĄ lĂ©irigh an dara tomhas mĂ©adĂș suntasach ar chomhbhrĂș (bâfhĂ©idir nĂos airde fĂłs nĂĄ an brĂș i sorcĂłirĂ eile), ansin lĂ©irĂonn sĂ© seo fadhb leis na fĂĄinnĂ - tĂĄ siad greamaithe, briste nĂł cĂłic.
Murar athraigh an t-innĂ©acs comhbhrĂșite tar Ă©is ola a chur leis, ach gur fhan sĂ© fĂłs Ăseal, ansin lĂ©irĂonn sĂ© seo fadhbanna le sĂĄrĂș ar chomh docht na comhla (dĂłite amach, coigeartaĂtear na bearnaĂ go mĂcheart). DĂ©antar Ă©ifeacht chomhchosĂșil le damĂĄiste do ghaiscĂ©id ceann an tsorcĂłra, crack sa loine nĂł a loscadh. Ar aon chuma, mĂĄ tĂĄ neamhrĂ©iteach idir lĂ©amha an mhĂ©adair agus na sonraĂ i gcĂĄipĂ©isĂocht theicniĂșil an ghluaisteĂĄin, nĂ mĂłr duit teagmhĂĄil a dhĂ©anamh leis na speisialtĂłirĂ.
DĂ©anaimid meastĂłireacht ar na torthaĂ a fhaightear
MĂĄ tĂĄ difrĂocht bheag idir tĂĄscaire an bhrĂș sna sorcĂłirĂ (leathadh na dtĂĄscairĂ laistigh den atmaisfĂ©ar cĂ©anna), ansin, is dĂłichĂ, tugann sĂ© seo le fios go bhfuil an grĂșpa loine sorcĂłra i riocht maith.
Uaireanta i sorcĂłir ar leithligh taispeĂĄnann an comhbhrĂșiteoir nĂos mĂł brĂș nĂĄ na cinn eile. LĂ©irĂonn sĂ© seo mĂfheidhmiĂș sa nĂłd seo. Mar shampla, tĂĄ an fĂĄinne scraper ola ag sceitheadh ââroinnt ola, rud a "mhaiscĂonn" an fhadhb. Sa chĂĄs seo, beidh sĂșiche ola faoi deara ar leictreoid an choinnle (is fĂ©idir leat lĂ©amh faoi chineĂĄlacha eile sĂșiche ar choinnle anseo).
TĂłgann roinnt tiomĂĄnaithe tomhais ar an gcomhbhrĂș ar inneall gluaisteĂĄin, gluaisrothair nĂł tarracĂłra siĂșil chun an t-am atĂĄ fĂĄgtha a rĂomh go dtĂ ollchĂłiriĂș an aonaid chumhachta. DĂ©anta na fĂrinne, nĂl an nĂłs imeachta seo chomh faisnĂ©iseach.
TĂĄ earrĂĄid choibhneasta diagnĂłis den sĂłrt sin rĂł-mhĂłr chun gurb Ă© an cĂłimheas comhbhrĂșite an prĂomh-pharaimĂ©adar a ligeann duit staid bheacht an CPG a fhĂĄil amach. BĂonn tionchar ag go leor fachtĂłirĂ breise ar chomhbhrĂș, lĂ©irithe ag tĂșs an ailt... NĂ thugann gnĂĄthbhrĂș fola le fios i gcĂłnaĂ go bhfuil CPH gnĂĄth.
Is sampla amhĂĄin Ă© uiscĂ. GluaisteĂĄn ard mĂleĂĄiste. TĂĄ an mĂłtar carbĂłraithe, tĂĄ an comhbhrĂș ann thart ar 1.2 MPa. Is Ă© seo an norm do mhĂłtar nua. Ag an am cĂ©anna, sroicheann tomhaltas ola dhĂĄ lĂtear in aghaidh gach 1 cilimĂ©adar. TaispeĂĄnann an sampla seo nach âuile-Ăocâ iad tomhais comhbhrĂșite chun gach fadhb leis an mĂłtar a rĂ©iteach. Ina ionad sin, tĂĄ sĂ© ar cheann de na nĂłsanna imeachta a chuimsĂtear i ndiagnĂłis iomlĂĄn innill.
Mar a fheiceann tĂș, is fĂ©idir leat an comhbhrĂș sna sorcĂłirĂ a sheiceĂĄil tĂș fĂ©in. Cuideoidh sĂ© seo, ĂĄfach, lena chinneadh an gĂĄ an carr a thabhairt chuig feighlĂ i ndĂĄirĂre. NĂ fĂ©idir ach le daoine gairmiĂșla diagnĂłisic innill inniĂșla a dhĂ©anamh, agus a chinneadh cĂ©n chuid is gĂĄ a athrĂș.
ComhbhrĂș a thomhas le haghaidh fuar nĂł te
DĂ©antar tomhais ar chomhbhrĂș inneall dĂosail ar bhealach beagĂĄn difriĂșil, Ăłs rud Ă© go n-oibrĂonn an t-aonad cumhachta seo de rĂ©ir prionsabal difriĂșil (tarlaĂonn aer agus breosla a mheascadh lĂĄithreach nuair a instealladh breosla dĂosail isteach sa seomra, agus mar gheall ar lĂĄidir comhbhrĂș an aeir, adhaĂonn an meascĂĄn seo go spontĂĄineach). DĂĄla an scĂ©il, Ăłs rud Ă© go gcaithfidh an t-aer i sorcĂłirĂ innill dĂosail teas a thĂ©amh Ăł chomhbhrĂș, ansin beidh an comhbhrĂș in inneall den sĂłrt sin nĂos airde nĂĄ an analĂłg gĂĄsailĂn.
Ar dtĂșs, dĂ©antar an comhla a osclaĂonn an solĂĄthar breosla a mhĂșchadh san inneall dĂosail. Is fĂ©idir an solĂĄthar breosla a mhĂșchadh freisin trĂd an luamhĂĄn scoite atĂĄ suiteĂĄilte ar an gcaidĂ©al insteallta a fhĂĄscadh. Chun an comhbhrĂș in inneall den sĂłrt sin a chinneadh, ĂșsĂĄidtear mĂ©adar comhbhrĂșite speisialta. NĂl comhla throttle ag go leor samhlacha dĂosail, mar sin nĂ gĂĄ brĂș a chur ar chos an luasaire agus tĂș ag dĂ©anamh tomhais. MĂĄ tĂĄ damper fĂłs suiteĂĄilte sa charr, ansin caithfear Ă© a ghlanadh sula ndĂ©antar tomhais.
Bunaithe ar na torthaĂ, socraĂtear staid ghrĂșpa loine sorcĂłra an aonaid. Thairis sin, is gĂĄ aird nĂos mĂł a thabhairt ar an difrĂocht idir tĂĄscairĂ sorcĂłirĂ aonair nĂĄ an meĂĄnluach comhbhrĂșite san inneall iomlĂĄn. Cinntear mĂ©id an chaitheamh CPG freisin agus teocht na hola san inneall dĂłchĂĄin inmheĂĄnaigh, an t-aer ag teacht isteach, luas rothlaithe an chromĂĄin agus paraimĂ©adair eile ĂĄ gcur san ĂĄireamh.
CoinnĂoll tĂĄbhachtach ba chĂłir a chur san ĂĄireamh agus comhbhrĂș ĂĄ thomhas, beag beann ar an gcineĂĄl aonaid chumhachta, is ea tĂ©amh an innill. Sula ndĂ©antar an comhbhrĂșiteoir a nascadh leis na sorcĂłirĂ, is gĂĄ an t-inneall dĂłchĂĄin inmheĂĄnaigh a thabhairt go teocht oibriĂșchĂĄin. Cinnteoidh sĂ© seo go ndĂ©anfar cĂșltaca den ola i gceart, dĂreach mar a bheidh an carr ag bogadh. Go bunĂșsach, sroichtear an teocht atĂĄ ag teastĂĄil i lĂĄthair na huaire nuair a chasann an lucht leanĂșna fuaraithe air (ar eagla nach mbeadh uimhreacha ar scĂĄla teirmimĂ©adar an innill, ach rannĂĄin amhĂĄin).
Ar inneall gĂĄsailĂn, mar atĂĄ i gcĂĄs inneall dĂosail, is gĂĄ an solĂĄthar breosla a mhĂșchadh. Is fĂ©idir Ă© seo a dhĂ©anamh trĂd an gcaidĂ©al breosla a dhĂ-fhuinneamh (baineann sĂ© seo leis na insteallĂłirĂ). MĂĄ tĂĄ an carr carbureted, ansin tĂĄ an pĂobĂĄn breosla dĂcheangailte Ăłn carburetor, ĂslĂtear an t-imeall saor i gcoimeĂĄdĂĄn folamh. Is Ă© an chĂșis atĂĄ leis an nĂłs imeachta seo nĂĄ go bhfuil tiomĂĄint mheicniĂșil ag an gcaidĂ©al breosla i gcarr den sĂłrt sin agus go ndĂ©anfaidh sĂ© gĂĄsailĂn a phumpĂĄil. Sula ndĂ©antar an comhbhrĂșiteoir a nascadh, is gĂĄ an breosla go lĂ©ir a dhĂł Ăłn carburetor (lig don mheaisĂn rith go dtĂ go stallaĂonn an t-inneall).
Ansin, scriostar GACH corna adhainte (mĂĄ ĂșsĂĄideann an meaisĂn SZ aonair do gach sorcĂłir). Mura ndĂ©antar Ă© seo, ansin agus an nĂłs imeachta ĂĄ dhĂ©anamh, nĂ dhĂ©anfaidh siad ach Ă© a dhĂł. Chomh maith leis sin, scriostar GACH pluga sprĂ©ach Ăł na sorcĂłirĂ. TĂĄ comhbhrĂșiteoir ceangailte le gach sorcĂłir ar a seal. Is gĂĄ an crankshaft a chromadh arĂs agus arĂs eile leis an tosaitheoir (go dtĂ go stopann an brĂș ar an scĂĄla ag mĂ©adĂș). Cuirtear na torthaĂ i gcomparĂĄid le luach na monarchan (lĂ©irĂtear an fhaisnĂ©is seo sna treoracha don mheaisĂn).
TĂĄ dhĂĄ thuairim chodarsnacha i measc tiomĂĄnaithe maidir le cathain is fĂ©idir comhbhrĂș a thĂĄstĂĄil: fuar nĂł te. Maidir leis seo, is Ă© an tĂĄscaire is cruinne tomhas a dhĂ©anfar tar Ă©is an fheithicil a bheith rĂ©amhthĂ©ite, Ăłs rud Ă© in aonad fuar nĂl aon scannĂĄn ola idir na fĂĄinnĂ agus an balla sorcĂłra. Ar ndĂłigh, sa chĂĄs seo, beidh comhbhrĂș an innill dĂłchĂĄin inmheĂĄnaigh nĂos lĂș nĂĄ tar Ă©is tĂ©amh. MĂĄ chuirtear deireadh leis an âmĂbhuntĂĄisteâ seo, ansin nuair a thĂ©itear an t-aonad suas, mar thoradh ar leathnĂș an fhĂĄinne, dĂ©anfar damĂĄiste don scĂĄthĂĄn sorcĂłra.
Ach nuair nach dtosaĂonn an t-inneall ar chor ar bith, is fiĂș an comhbhrĂș le haghaidh ceann fuar a sheiceĂĄil dâfhonn fadhbanna leis an ngrĂșpa loine sorcĂłra a aithint nĂł a dhĂchur. Agus an nĂłs imeachta seo ĂĄ chomhlĂonadh, ba cheart a mheabhrĂș go ndĂ©antar tomhais ar cheann fuar, dĂĄ bhrĂ sin ba cheart go mbeadh an tĂĄscaire idĂ©alach nĂos Ăsle nĂĄ an ceann a shonrĂłidh an monarĂłir.
FachtĂłir eile atĂĄ le breithniĂș, is cuma cathain a dhĂ©antar tĂĄstĂĄil ar chomhbhrĂș, is Ă© an muirear ceallraĂ. Caithfidh an tosaitheoir cnagadh ar ardchaighdeĂĄn a sholĂĄthar, ar fĂ©idir leis torthaĂ mĂchearta a thabhairt ar cheallraĂ marbh. MĂĄ tĂĄ an ceallraĂ âag maireachtĂĄil amach ina laethanta deireanachaâ, ansin agus an comhbhrĂș ĂĄ thomhas, is fĂ©idir luchtaire a nascadh leis an bhfoinse cumhachta.
ComharthaĂ de chomhbhrĂș laghdaithe
Mar gheall ar laghdĂș sa chĂłimheas comhbhrĂșite, dâfhĂ©adfadh na fadhbanna seo a leanas a bheith ann leis an mĂłtar:
- TĂĄ tarraingt caillte ag an mĂłtar. TĂ©ann gĂĄis sceite agus meascĂĄn atĂĄ indĂłite go pĂĄirteach isteach i gcĂĄrtaĂ an innill. Mar gheall air seo, nĂ bhrĂșitear an loine go dtĂ an lĂĄr marbh barr leis an bhfĂłrsa sin;
- Is gĂĄ an ola a athrĂș, fiĂș nuair nach gcoinnĂonn an carr an mĂleĂĄiste forordaithe (Ă©irĂonn an bealaithe nĂos lĂș sreabhach agus dorchaĂonn sĂ© go rĂ©asĂșnta). TarlaĂonn sĂ© seo toisc go sĂĄraĂonn mĂ©id ĂĄirithe den mheascĂĄn aerbhreosla isteach sa chĂłras lubrication, agus ina dhiaidh sin dĂłitear an ola nĂos gasta;
- TĂĄ mĂ©adĂș mĂłr tagtha ar ĂdiĂș breosla, ach nĂor athraigh an tiomĂĄnaĂ an modh tiomĂĄna, agus nĂ iompraĂonn an carr nĂos mĂł lasta.
MĂĄ tĂĄ ceann de na hairĂonna liostaithe ar a laghad le feiceĂĄil, nĂ mholtar leanĂșint ar aghaidh ag oibriĂș na feithicle go dtĂ go gcuirtear deireadh le cĂșis na hairĂonna seo. Ar dtĂșs, tĂĄ sĂ© gan Ășdar go heacnamaĂoch. Ar an dara dul sĂos, mar gheall ar na fadhbanna a thĂĄinig chun cinn, luath nĂł mall, beidh miondealuithe gaolmhara eile ar an aonad le feiceĂĄil ar an mbealach. Agus beidh tionchar diĂșltach aige seo freisin ar thiĂșs sparĂĄn an tiomĂĄnaĂ.
Na cĂșiseanna leis an laghdĂș ar chomhbhrĂș sna sorcĂłirĂ
LaghdaĂonn comhbhrĂș an mhĂłtair ar na cĂșiseanna seo a leanas:
- Mar gheall ar fhoirmiĂș taiscĂ carbĂłin ar an gcuid istigh de na sorcĂłirĂ agus na brĂstĂ, tĂ©ann siad rĂłthĂ©amh (tĂĄ malartĂș teasa nĂos measa), agus mar thoradh air seo, dâfhĂ©adfadh go dtarlĂłdh dĂłiteĂĄn an loine nĂł scriosfaidh taiscĂ carbĂłin scĂĄthĂĄn an bhalla sorcĂłra. ;
- Mar gheall ar aistriĂș teasa suaite, is fĂ©idir scoilteanna a fhoirmiĂș ar na codanna den CPG (rĂłthĂ©amh mĂłr gan fuarĂș ceart ina dhiaidh sin);
- DĂł an loine;
- TĂĄ gasket an ceann sorcĂłra dĂłite;
- DĂ©antar na comhlaĂ a dhĂfhoirmiĂș;
- Scagaire aer salach (nĂ dhĂ©antar an mĂ©id ceart dâaer Ășr a shĂș isteach sna sorcĂłirĂ, agus sin an fĂĄth nach bhfuil an meascĂĄn aerbhreosla comhbhrĂșite chomh maith).
NĂ fĂ©idir a dhĂ©anamh amach cĂ©n fĂĄth ar cailleadh comhbhrĂș, go radhairc gan an mĂłtar a dhĂchĂłimeĂĄil. Ar an gcĂșis seo, is comhartha le haghaidh diagnĂłisic agus deisiĂș an mhĂłtair ina dhiaidh sin laghdĂș gĂ©ar ar an tĂĄscaire seo.
Ag deireadh an athbhreithnithe, cuirimid fĂseĂĄn gairid ar fĂĄil faoin gcaoi a dtomhaistear comhbhrĂș inneall dĂłchĂĄin inmheĂĄnaigh:
Ceisteanna agus FreagraĂ:
Conas comhbhrĂș ar inneall carburetor a thomhas. TeastĂłidh cĂșntĂłir uaidh seo. Ina shuĂ in urrann an phaisinĂ©ara, dĂ©anann sĂ© cos an luasaire a ĂsliĂș go hiomlĂĄn agus cromann sĂ© an tosaitheoir, mar nuair a bhĂonn sĂ© ag tosĂș ar an aonad cumhachta. De ghnĂĄth, Ă©ilĂonn an nĂłs imeachta seo uasmhĂ©id de chĂșig soicind dâoibriĂș tosaigh. MĂ©adĂłidh an saighead brĂș ar an gcomhbhrĂșiteoir de rĂ©ir a chĂ©ile. A luaithe a shroicheann sĂ© an suĂomh is mĂł, meastar go bhfuil na tomhais crĂochnaithe. Cuirtear an nĂłs imeachta seo i gcrĂch agus na coinnle iompaithe istigh. DĂ©antar na cĂ©imeanna cĂ©anna arĂs agus arĂs eile ar gach sorcĂłir.
Conas comhbhrĂș ar inneall insteallta a sheiceĂĄil. NĂ hionann an bunphrionsabal maidir le comhbhrĂș an insteallĂłra a sheiceĂĄil agus an oibrĂocht chomhionann leis an aonad carburetor. Ach ag an am cĂ©anna, nĂ mĂłr duit cĂșpla nuĂĄil a chur san ĂĄireamh. Ar dtĂșs, is gĂĄ an braiteoir crankshaft a dhĂchumasĂș ionas nach ndĂ©anfaidh sĂ© damĂĄiste do rialuithe an ECU. Ar an dara dul sĂos, is gĂĄ an caidĂ©al breosla a dhĂ-fhuinneamh ionas nach ndĂ©anann sĂ© gĂĄsailĂn a phumpĂĄil gan ĂșsĂĄid.
Conas comhbhrĂș fuar nĂł te a thomhas. NĂ hionann tomhas comhbhrĂșite ar inneall fuar agus te. NĂ fĂ©idir an t-aon fhĂorluach a fhĂĄil ach ar inneall dĂłchĂĄin inmheĂĄnaigh tĂ©ite. Sa chĂĄs seo, tĂĄ scannĂĄn ola ar bhallaĂ an tsorcĂłra cheana fĂ©in, rud a chinntĂonn an brĂș is mĂł sna sorcĂłirĂ. Ar aonad cumhachta fuar, ba cheart go mbeadh an tĂĄscaire seo nĂos Ăsle i gcĂłnaĂ nĂĄ an tĂĄscaire a shonrĂłidh an t-uathoibritheoir.
TrĂĄcht amhĂĄin
Joachim Uebel
Dia duit an tUasal Falkenko,
Rinne tĂș an-mhaith. Mar mhĂșinteoir GearmĂĄinise, mĂșineann mĂ© cĂșrsaĂ teanga gairmiĂșla agus roghnaigh mĂ© gairm an teicneoir mheicitreonaic le haghaidh breis oiliĂșna. Ba ghnĂĄch liom gluaisteĂĄin agus tarracĂłirĂ a dheisiĂș mĂ© fĂ©in. Ba mhaith liom an GearmĂĄinis i do alt a athrĂș beagĂĄn, gan aon chostas ort. Sampla: ScrĂobhann tĂș âagus nĂ iompraĂonn an carr lasta a thuilleadhâ is Ă©ard a chiallaĂonn âagus nĂ tharraingĂonn an carr i gceart a thuilleadhâ i nGearmĂĄinis. Mar shampla, ba cheart âceantarâ a chur in ionad an fhocail ânĂłdâ, etc. Ach nĂ fhĂ©adfainn Ă© sin a dhĂ©anamh ach amhĂĄin le linn laethanta saoire an tsamhraidh. DĂ©an teagmhĂĄil liom le do thoil. Agus dĂ©arfaidh mĂ© go soilĂ©ir arĂs Ă© do gach duine: TĂĄ do shuĂomh iontach.