Traffic Laws. General Provisions
1.1.
These Rules in accordance with the Law of Ukraine “On Road Traffic” establish a single procedure for road traffic throughout Ukraine.
Other regulations concerning the peculiarities of road traffic (transportation of special cargo, operation of certain types of vehicles, traffic in a closed area, etc.) should be based on the requirements of these Rules.
1.2
In Ukraine, right-hand traffic of vehicles has been established.
1.3
Road users are obliged to know and strictly comply with the requirements of these Rules, as well as to be mutually polite.
1.4
Every road user has the right to count on other road users to comply with these Rules.
1.5
Actions or inaction of road users and other persons should not create a danger or an obstacle to movement, threaten the life or health of citizens, cause material damage.
The person who created such conditions is obliged to immediately take measures to ensure road safety on this section of the road and take all possible measures to eliminate obstacles, and if this is not possible, notify other road users about them, inform the authorized unit of the National Police, the owner of the road or Authorized body.
1.6
Misuse of roads is permitted subject to the requirements of Articles 36-38 of the Law of Ukraine “On Roads”.
1.7
Drivers must be especially attentive to such categories of road users as cyclists, people traveling in wheelchairs and pedestrians. All road users must be especially careful with children, the elderly and those with clear signs of disability (revised July 11.07.2018, XNUMX).
1.8
Traffic restrictions, other than those provided for by these Rules, may be introduced in the manner prescribed by law.
1.9
Persons who violate these Rules are liable according to the law.
1.10
The terms given in these Rules have the following meaning:
bus - a car with more than nine seats, including a driver’s seat, which in its design and equipment is designed to carry passengers and their luggage with the necessary comfort and safety;
motorway - highway, which:
specially built and intended for the movement of vehicles, not intended to enter or leave an adjacent territory;
has for each direction of movement separate carriageways, separated from one another by a dividing strip;
does not cross at the same level other roads, rail and tram tracks, pedestrian and bicycle paths, animal paths, has a fence on the side of the road and a dividing strip, and is also fenced with a net;
marked with road sign 5.1;highway, street (road) - part of the territory, including in the village, intended for the movement of vehicles and pedestrians, with all the structures located on it (bridges, viaducts, overpasses, elevated and underground pedestrian crossings) and means of traffic management, and limited in width to the outer edge of the sidewalks or the edge of the right of way. This term also includes specially constructed temporary roads, except for randomly rolled roads (ruts);
highways of national importance - public roads, which include international, national and regional roads, indicated by relevant road signs;
road train (transport) - a power-driven vehicle connected to one or more trailers by means of a coupling device;
safe distance - the distance to the vehicle moving forward in the same lane, which in case of sudden braking or stopping will allow the driver of the vehicle moving behind, to avoid a collision without performing any maneuver;
safe interval - the distance between the side parts of moving vehicles or between them and other objects, which ensures road safety;
safe speed - the speed at which the driver is able to safely control the vehicle and control its movement in specific road conditions;
towing (towing) - the movement by one vehicle of another vehicle, which does not apply to the operation of road trains (trains) on a rigid or flexible coupling or by the method of partial loading on a platform or on a special supporting device;
bike a vehicle, except wheel chairs, driven by the muscular strength of the person on it;
cyclist - the person driving the bike;
bicycle lane - a coated track made on or off the road, intended for cycling and marked with a road sign 4.12;
directional visibility - the maximum distance at which the boundaries of the road elements and the location of the road users can be clearly recognized from the driver’s seat, which allows the driver to navigate while driving, in particular to select a safe speed and implement a safe maneuver;
vehicle owner - an individual or legal entity that owns property rights to a vehicle, as evidenced by relevant documents;
driver - a person who drives a vehicle and has a driver's license (license of a tractor driver, a temporary permit for the right to drive a vehicle, a temporary coupon for the right to drive a vehicle) of the corresponding category. The driver is also a person who teaches how to drive a vehicle, being directly in the vehicle;
emergency stop - termination of the vehicle due to its technical malfunction or danger caused by the cargo being transported, the state of the road user, or the appearance of an obstacle to traffic;
overall weight control - verification of the overall and weight parameters of the vehicle (including a mechanical vehicle), trailer and cargo for compliance with established standards regarding dimensions (width, height from the road surface, vehicle length) and relative to the load (actual weight, axial load), which is carried out in accordance with the established procedure at stationary or mobile points of overall weight control;
lawn - a site of a homogeneous territory with a turfy coating, which is artificially created by sowing and growing grass-forming grasses (mainly perennial cereals) or turfing;
the main road - a road with a surface relatively unpaved or marked with signs 1.22, 1.23.1, 1.23.2, 1.23.3, 1.23.4, 2.3. The presence of a pavement on a secondary road immediately before the intersection does not equate it in value with the intersected one;
truck - a car, which in its design and equipment is intended for the carriage of goods;
Daytime Running Lights - external white light fixtures provided for by the vehicle’s design, installed in front of the vehicle and designed to improve the visibility of the vehicle during its movement during daylight hours;
road situation - a set of factors characterized by road conditions, the presence of obstacles on a certain section of the road, the intensity and level of organization of traffic (the presence of road markings, road signs, road equipment, traffic lights and their condition) that the driver should consider when choosing speed, lane and receptions driving a vehicle;
road works - work related to the construction, reconstruction, repair or maintenance of the road (street), artificial structures, structures of the road drainage, engineering facilities, the installation (repair, replacement) of technical means of traffic management;
road conditions - a set of factors characterizing (taking into account the time of the year, period of day, atmospheric phenomena, road illumination) visibility in the direction of movement, the state of the road surface (cleanliness, evenness, roughness, adhesion), as well as its width, the amount of slopes on the slopes and ascents , bends and roundings, the presence of sidewalks or curbs, means of traffic management and their condition;
traffic accidents - an event that occurred during the movement of the vehicle, as a result of which people were killed or injured or material damage was caused;
railroad crossing - the intersection of the road with railways at the same level;
living sector - courtyard territories, as well as parts of settlements indicated by the road sign 5.31;
pedestrian column - An organized group of people moving along the roadway in one direction;
convoy of vehicles - an organized group of three or more vehicles moving together in the same direction immediately after each other with the headlights constantly on;
road edge (for non-rail vehicles) - a visible line marked on the roadway at the place it adjoins the curb, sidewalk, lawn, dividing strip, tram lane, bicycle or pedestrian road, marked or marked with road markings;
extreme position on the roadway - the position of the vehicle at a distance from the edge of the carriageway (middle of the carriageway or dividing strip), which does not allow a passing vehicle (including a two-wheeled vehicle) to move even closer to the edge of the carriageway (middle of the carriageway or dividing strip);
wheel chair - A specially designed wheeled vehicle designed for the movement of persons with disabilities or persons belonging to other low-mobility groups on the road. The wheel chair has at least two wheels and is equipped with an engine or is driven by the muscular strength of a person (item added 11.07.2018);
a car - a car with no more than nine seats, including a driver’s seat, which in its design and equipment is designed to carry passengers and their luggage with the necessary comfort and safety;
person moving in a wheelchair - a person with a disability or a person belonging to other low-mobility groups of people and independently moving along the road in a wheeled chair (item added 11.07.2018/XNUMX/XNUMX);
maneuvering (maneuver) - the beginning of the movement, the rebuilding of the vehicle in motion from one lane to another, turning right or left, turning, getting off the roadway, reversing;
route vehicles (public vehicles) - buses, minibuses, trolleybuses, trams and taxis moving along established routes and having certain places on the road for passengers to board (drop off);
motor vehicle - a vehicle driven by an engine. This term applies to tractors, self-propelled machines and mechanisms, as well as trolleybuses and vehicles with an electric motor of more than 3 kW;
minibus - a single-decker bus with the number of seats for no more than seventeen, including the driver's seat;
moped - a two-wheeled vehicle with an engine with a working volume of up to 50 cu. cm or an electric motor up to 4 kW;
bridge - a structure intended for movement across a river, a ravine and other obstacles, the boundaries of which are the beginning and end of span structures;
motorcycle - a two-wheeled power-driven vehicle with or without a side trailer, having an engine with a working volume of 50 cu. cm and more. Motor scooters, motorized carriages, tricycles and other power-driven vehicles, the permissible maximum mass of which does not exceed 400 kg, are equated to motorcycles;
locality - built-up territory, the entrances to which and exits from which are marked with road signs 5.45, 5.46, 5.47, 5.48;
low visibility - visibility of the road in the direction of movement of less than 300 m at twilight, in fog, rain, snowfall, etc.
overtaking - advancing one or more vehicles associated with exit on the oncoming lane;
visibility - an objective opportunity to see the traffic situation from the driver's seat;
roadside - an element of the road highlighted constructively or by a solid line of road marking, adjacent directly to the outer edge of the carriageway, located at the same level with it and not intended for the movement of vehicles, except as provided for in these Rules. The roadside can be used to stop and park vehicles, the movement of pedestrians, mopeds, bicycles (in the absence of sidewalks, pedestrian, bicycle paths or if it is impossible to move along them), horse-drawn carts (sleds);
limited visibility - visibility of the road in the direction of movement, limited by the geometric parameters of the road, roadside engineering structures, plantings and other objects, as well as vehicles;
danger to traffic - a change in the traffic situation (including the appearance of a moving object approaching the vehicle lane or crossing it) or the technical condition of the vehicle, which threatens road safety and forces the driver to immediately reduce speed or stop. A separate case of danger to traffic is movement within the vehicle lane of another vehicle towards the general flow;
advance - the movement of the vehicle at a speed exceeding the speed of a passing vehicle moving nearby in an adjacent lane;
blindness - the physiological state of the driver due to the effect of light on his vision, when the driver is objectively unable to detect obstacles or recognize the boundaries of road elements at a minimum distance;
stop - cessation of the vehicle’s movement for a period of up to 5 minutes or more, if necessary for boarding (disembarking) passengers or loading (unloading) cargo, fulfilling the requirements of these Rules (providing an advantage in traffic, fulfilling the requirements of the traffic controller, traffic signals, etc. );
security island - a technical means of regulating traffic at ground pedestrian crossings, structurally allocated over the carriageway and intended as a protective element for stopping pedestrians when crossing the carriageway. The part of the dividing strip through which the pedestrian crossing passes belongs to the security island;
passenger - a person who uses the vehicle and is in it, but not involved in driving it;
transportation of organized groups of children - the simultaneous transportation of ten or more children with a leader responsible for accompanying them during the trip (an additional medical professional is assigned to a group of thirty or more children);
intersection - the place of intersection, abutment or branching of roads at one level, the boundary of which is the imaginary line between the beginning of the curvature of the edges of the carriageway of each road. The junction of the exit road from the adjacent territory is not considered a crossroads;
a pedestrian - a person participating in traffic outside vehicles and not performing any work on the road. Pedestrians are also equated with persons moving in wheelchairs without an engine, driving a bicycle, a moped, a motorcycle, carrying a sled, a cart, a child’s or a wheelchair;
footpath - a coated track intended for pedestrian traffic, made within or outside the road and indicated by 4.13;
crosswalk - A section of the roadway or an engineering structure intended for pedestrians to travel across the road. Pedestrian crossings are marked with road signs 5.35.1, 5.35.2, 5.36.1, 5.36.2, 5.37.1, 5.37.2, road markings 1.14.1, 1.14.2, 1.14.3, pedestrian traffic lights. In the absence of road markings, the boundaries of the pedestrian crossing are determined by the distance between road signs or pedestrian traffic lights, and at the intersection, in the absence of pedestrian traffic lights, road signs and markings, by the width of the sidewalks or curbs;
A pedestrian crossing is considered to be regulated, the movement along which is regulated by a traffic light or traffic controller, unregulated - a pedestrian crossing, on which there is no traffic controller, traffic lights are absent or turned off or work in a blinking yellow signal mode;
leaving the scene of a traffic accident - actions of the participant in a traffic accident aimed at concealing the fact of such an accident or the circumstances of its occurrence, which entailed the need for police measures to establish (search) this participant and (or) search for a vehicle;
lane - a longitudinal lane on the carriageway with a width of at least 2,75 m, marked or not marked with road markings and intended for the movement of non-rail vehicles;
advantage - The right to priority traffic in relation to other road users;
traffic obstruction - a stationary object within the vehicle lane or an object moving along the lane (with the exception of the vehicle moving towards the general stream of vehicles) and forcing the driver to maneuver or reduce speed until the vehicle stops;
adjacent territory - the territory adjacent to the edge of the carriageway and not intended for through passage, but only for entry into yards, parking lots, gas stations, construction sites, etc., or exit from them;
trailer - a vehicle intended for movement only in conjunction with another vehicle. Semi-trailers and dissolution trailers also belong to this type of vehicles;
carriageway - an element of the road intended for the movement of non-rail vehicles. A road may have several carriageways, the boundaries of which are dividing lanes;
overpass - an engineering construction of a bridge type over another road (railway) at the place of their intersection, providing movement along it at different levels and giving the possibility of access to another road;
dividing strip - an element of the road that is separated structurally or with the help of solid lines of road marking 1.1, 1.2, which separates adjacent carriageways. The dividing strip is not intended for the movement or parking of vehicles. If there is a sidewalk on the dividing strip, pedestrians are allowed along it;
permissible maximum mass - the mass of the equipped vehicle with cargo, driver and passengers, which is established by the technical characteristics of the vehicle as the maximum allowable. The permitted maximum mass of the road train is the sum of the allowed maximum permissible mass of each vehicle that is part of the road train;
traffic controller - A policeman performing traffic control in uniforms with increased visibility with elements of reflective material using a baton, whistle. The traffic police, road maintenance service, railway crossing, ferry crossing, who have the appropriate certificate and armband, rod, red light or reflector, red light or flag, and carry out regulation in uniform are equated to the traffic controller ;
rail vehicle - trams and platforms with special equipment moving along tram tracks. All other vehicles involved in road traffic are considered non-rail;
agricultural machinery - tractors, self-propelled chassis, self-propelled agricultural, road-building, reclamation machines and other mechanisms;
parking - the termination of the vehicle for a period of 5 minutes for reasons not related to the need to comply with the requirements of these Rules, boarding (disembarking) passengers, loading (unloading) of cargo;
Night time - part of the day from sunset to sunrise;
braking distances - the distance that the vehicle travels during emergency braking from the beginning of the impact on the brake control (pedal, handle) to where it stopped;
tram rails - an element of the road intended for the movement of rail vehicles, which is limited by the width of the specially designated blind area of the tram line or road markings. Non-rail vehicles are allowed on tram tracks in accordance with Section 11 of these Rules;
vehicle - a device designed to transport people and (or) cargo, as well as special equipment or mechanisms installed on it;
sidewalk - an element of the road intended for pedestrian traffic that adjoins the carriageway or is separated from it by a lawn;
advanced coating - cement-concrete, asphalt-concrete, reinforced-concrete or reinforced-concrete prefabricated coverings, bridges paved with paving slabs and mosaics, prefabricated coverings from small-sized concrete slabs, gravel and gravel treated with organic and cementitious materials;
give way - the requirement for the road user not to continue or not to resume traffic, not to carry out any maneuvers (with the exception of the requirement to free the occupied lane), if this may force other road users with an advantage to change the direction of travel or speed;
road user - a person directly involved in the process of driving on the road as a pedestrian, driver, passenger, animal driver, cyclist, as well as a person moving in a wheeled chair (item amended 11.07.2018);
vehicle operation - transportation of the trailer by the tractor in accordance with the instructions for its use (compliance of the trailer with the tractor, the presence of a safety connection, a unified alarm system, lighting, etc.);
trestle - an engineering structure for the movement of vehicles and (or) pedestrians, the raising of one road over another at the place of their intersection, as well as for creating a road at a certain height that does not have exits to another road.
